feat: 전략 백테스팅 기능 추가

- Introduced a `backtest_strategy` endpoint to enable strategy backtesting with user-specified parameters.
- Implemented a generic backtesting engine allowing rebalancing, equity curve tracking, and performance metric calculations.
- Added `BacktestMixin` for strategies to support backtesting-related operations.
- Extended BAA strategy to support backtesting with ticker data download and portfolio simulation.
- Updated `urls.py` to include the new backtesting endpoint.
- Enhanced logging and error handling throughout the backtesting process.

strategies/views.py

@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@ import logging
 
 from .models import QuantStrategy, StrategyVersion, StrategyExecution
 from .base import StrategyRegistry
+from .services.backtest import run_backtest
 from . import implementations  # 구현체들을 로드하여 레지스트리에 등록
 
 logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
@@ -239,3 +240,106 @@ def list_available_implementations(request):
     return JsonResponse({
         'available_implementations': available_strategies
     })
+
+
+@csrf_exempt
+@require_http_methods(["POST"])
+def backtest_strategy(request):
+    """전략 백테스트 실행"""
+    try:
+        data = json.loads(request.body)
+        strategy_name = data.get('strategy_name')
+        version = data.get('version')
+        execution_parameters = data.get('parameters', {})
+        callback_url = data.get('callback_url')
+
+        if not strategy_name:
+            return JsonResponse({
+                'error': 'strategy_name is required'
+            }, status=400)
+
+        # 백테스트 필수 파라미터 검증
+        if 'backtest_start_date' not in execution_parameters:
+            return JsonResponse({
+                'error': 'parameters.backtest_start_date is required'
+            }, status=400)
+
+        if 'backtest_end_date' not in execution_parameters:
+            return JsonResponse({
+                'error': 'parameters.backtest_end_date is required'
+            }, status=400)
+
+        strategy = get_object_or_404(QuantStrategy, name=strategy_name, is_active=True)
+
+        if version:
+            strategy_version = get_object_or_404(
+                StrategyVersion,
+                strategy=strategy,
+                version=version
+            )
+        else:
+            strategy_version = strategy.versions.filter(is_current=True).first()
+            if not strategy_version:
+                return JsonResponse({
+                    'error': 'No current version found for this strategy'
+                }, status=404)
+
+        # execution_mode를 backtest로 표시
+        backtest_params = execution_parameters.copy()
+        backtest_params['execution_mode'] = 'backtest'
+
+        execution = StrategyExecution.objects.create(
+            strategy_version=strategy_version,
+            execution_parameters=backtest_params,
+            status='pending',
+            callback_url=callback_url
+        )
+
+        def run_backtest_task():
+            try:
+                execution.status = 'running'
+                execution.save()
+
+                strategy_impl = strategy_version.get_strategy_implementation()
+
+                # 기본 파라미터와 실행 파라미터를 병합
+                merged_parameters = strategy_impl.default_parameters.copy()
+                merged_parameters.update(execution_parameters)
+
+                # 백테스트 실행
+                result = run_backtest(strategy_impl, merged_parameters)
+
+                execution.status = 'completed'
+                execution.result = result
+                execution.completed_at = timezone.now()
+                execution.save()
+
+            except Exception as e:
+                logger.exception(f'Backtest failed for execution {execution.id}')
+                execution.status = 'failed'
+                execution.error_message = str(e)
+                execution.completed_at = timezone.now()
+                execution.save()
+
+            finally:
+                if execution.callback_url:
+                    send_callback(execution)
+
+        thread = threading.Thread(target=run_backtest_task)
+        thread.start()
+
+        return JsonResponse({
+            'execution_id': execution.id,
+            'status': 'pending',
+            'message': 'Backtest execution started',
+            'callback_url': callback_url
+        })
+
+    except json.JSONDecodeError:
+        return JsonResponse({
+            'error': 'Invalid JSON in request body'
+        }, status=400)
+    except Exception as e:
+        return JsonResponse({
+            'error': str(e)
+        }, status=500)